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Abstract

Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N. gonorrhoeae) infection that infects the mucous membranes lining the reproductive system, especially young women. Lactobacillus acidophilus is one of the important bacterial species that prefers an acidic environment, where it ferments sugars and converts them into lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide. It may work to inhibit or kill harmful microorganisms in humans, and it may be opportunistic, causing diseases in humans. a total of 200 samples including (170 vaginal swabs from patients and 30 healthy swabs samples) were collected from women who visited Al-Ammarah General Hospital in Maysan Governorate, ranging in age from 20 to 42, between October 28, 2022, and May 13, 2023. For the purpose of diagnosing and isolating L. acidophilus and N. gonorrhoeae. Visual, microscopic, biochemical, identified and tested for their antibiotic sensitivities using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to test the resistance and sensitivity of L. acidophilus and N. gonorrhoeae of bacterial isolates against Nitrofurantoin (F), Ceftazidime (CAZ), Azithromycin (AZM), Amikacin (AK), Ceftriaxone (CRO), Ciprofloxacin (CIP), Gentamycin (CN), Tobramycin (TOB), Tetracycline (TE) respectively, and Levofloxacin (LEV), Cefixime (CFM) respectively, by agar disc diffusion method, according to manufacture instructions and clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. The clinical specimens showed that 30 (17.64%) of the total isolates were identified as N. gonorrhoeae. The remaining 140 samples (82%) showed negative results in laboratory culture. The results of the antibiotic susceptibility test showed that the bacteria were multidrug-resistant. In the current study, most of the N. gonorrhoeae isolates were 100% resistant to antibiotics for Tetracycline and Ceftriaxone, while they were less resistant at 93.33% towards Azithromycin and 90% towards Ciprofloxacin. While the resistance rate of L. acidophilus was 100% for both Ceftriaxone at a concentration of 10(µg disc) and 83.33% for a concentration of 30(µg/ disc) and 90% for Tetracycline and 66.86% for Cefepime and 70% for Imipenem, it was sensitive to most antibiotics by 100% for Vancomycin, Levofloxacin, and Ciprofloxacin, respectively, and 70% for Tobramycin, 60% for Amikacin, 53.33% for Gentamycin, and 30% and 13.33% for Imipenem and Cefepime, respectively. N. gonorrhoeae was responding to sexually transmitted diseases and became more dangerous because it resisted many antibiotics.

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