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Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is a gram- positive bacteria that causes a number of clinical conditions. The toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST) and the Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins (A, B, C, D, and E) were the first superantigens to be broadly described as T cell activators, and it is these same enterotoxins (A, B, and C) that have been implicated in the severity or development of multiple sclerosis. This damage disrupts the ability of parts of the nervous system to transmit signals, resulting in a variety of signs and symptoms, in order to investigate the percentage of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin gene B (SEB) in MS patients compared with healthy participants to determine the role of Staphylococcus aureus in the exacerbation of multiple sclerosis disease. This study measures the occurrence of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B in multiple sclerosis patients correlated with exacerbation of this disease 200 nasal swab samples categorized into multiple sclerosis group &control group in order to investigate the occurrence of staphylococcal and its enterotoxin B , all samples were cultured by ordinary laboratory media with antibiotic sensitivity , DNA extraction and PCR with gel electrophoresis to viewing the PCR products of enterotoxin genes (A,B&C). The age of patients and controls were ranged between (17- 59) year. The frequency of Staphylococcus aureus isolates in MS patients was (81%) including 38.2% from newly diagnosed multiple sclerosis and 61.8% from relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis patients. The frequency of Staphylococcus aureus isolates in multiple sclerosis patients was (52%) female and (29%) male, while the frequency of Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization in healthy carriers controls was only (7%) female and (5%) male , the mean rate of antibiotic resistance to all antibiotics in Staphylococcus aureus isolates of those patients was (53.3%) , while in control groups all isolates were resistant to 6 antibiotics only with the mean percentage of antibiotic resistance was only (22.8%) as well as high rate of sensitivity to most of other antibiotics. High frequency of S. aureus isolates in MS patients occur at age group (20-29 year) while in control group occur at (30-39 year), Multiple sclerosis disease and frequency of S. aureus nasal colonization was most common in female than in male, there was a highly significant correlation between antibiotic resistance of MS patients and presence of enterotoxin genes sea, seb and sec.

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