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Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-inflammatory disease that occurs in the central nervous system (CNS) may lead to demyelination., The most common form of the disease is the relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR-MS), including around 85% - 90% of all cases. It has been suggested that Staphylococcus aureus in the nasal carriage that related to several autoimmune diseases involving systemic lupus erythematous, multiple sclerosis & others. To investigate and measures the commonness of Staphylococcus aureus in the nasal carriage of recently diagnosed and aggravated multiple sclerosis patients and their correlation with multiple sclerosis etiology compared with healthy individuals. This study was conducted on 200 nasal swab specimens, (100 samples from multiple sclerosis patients, and 100 from apparently healthy volunteers). Preparation of culture media like blood agar, nutrient agar, mannitol salt agar and the bacterial culture identification to other media, biochemical tests then the Antimicrobial susceptibility were done. The isolates of Staphylococcus aureus iin the MS patients was (81%) including 38.2% from newly diagnosed multiple sclerosis and 61.8% from relapsingremitting” multiple sclerosis” patients. Females in multiple sclerosis patients were (52%) and (29%) were males, while isolates of Staphylococcus aureus in nasal of controls about (12%) only were (7%) females and (5%) males. All relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients (61.8%) were colonized with Staphylococcus aureus in their nasal carriages and examined with an expanded disability status scale (EDSS) to determine the degree of disability along with staphylococcal colonization, Staphylococcus aureus isolates were tested for their susceptibility to 19 antimicrobial agents by standard disk diffusion method. In multiple sclerosis patients, all isolates were resistant to most types of antibiotics, the mean rate of antibiotic resistance to all antibiotics in Staphylococcus aureus isolates of those patients was (53.3%), while in control groups all isolates were resistant to 6 antibiotics only with only (22.8%) as well as a high rate of sensitivity to most of the other antibiotics.High frequency of Staphylococcus aureus in the nasal carriage of multiple sclerosis patients mainly (R.R.MS) group compared with low frequency in healthy nasal carriers. Most of the S.aureus isolates in MS patients were MDR and sensitive only to the limited number of antibiotics whereas resistance was very limited in the control group.

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