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Abstract

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus was defined as an autoimmune chronic systemic rheumatic disease. Pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus (pSLE) is a rare condition, representing approximately 10% of SLE cases. Aims: Interleukins play an important role in the susceptibility to the disease. So, this study focused on some Interleukins and Complements to identify pSLE. Material and Methods: this study was carried out in Baghdad teaching Hospital, Welfare Teaching Hospital Children and Teaching Laboratories in Medical City and included thirty Iraqi patients diagnosed as pSLE and thirty healthy control. The patients group divided into two subgroups according to the SLEDAI (description of the diseases activity) the first group included 19 patients which had SLEDAI value lower than 11 patients and considered as mild group while the second group included 11 patients which had SLEDAI value higher than 19 patients and this group considered as severe group. All the hematological and immunological (dsDNA antibodies, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12, and INF-Ɣ were measured in sera samples by ELISA) parameters were conducted for both patients and control samples. Biochemical parameters (urea, uric acid, and creatinine) were also measured. Results: The results showed alopecia is the most apparent clinical feature among the SLE patients, and for hematological parameters showed the hemoglobin is lower in patients while the erythrocyte sedimentation rate are higher in patients. For the immunological tests the level of dsDNA is higher in patients than the control, the complements (C3 and C4) levels are lower in patients. IL-9, IL-10, IL12, and INF- Ɣ) level showed higher level in patients. Conclusion: The assessment of disease activity on Iraqi pSLE patients showed increment of all studied parameters accompanied with increased severity of the disease except (IL-12, C3, uric acid, urea)

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